| 英语翻译技巧(转贴) |
| 作者：佚名 文章来源：不详 点击数： 更新时间：2007-2-26 12:42:53 |
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There was rising in him a dreadful uneasiness; something very precious that he wanted to hold seemed close to destruction.
(他心里涌起一种难言的焦灼，因为他原来一直想保住的东西现在好象要毁灭了。)
另外，英语里的有些形式主语也大都采用了倒装词序：
2. 无主句：
It suddenly dawned on me that this express was not roaring down the line at ninety miles anhour, but barely chugging along at thirty.
(后来，我才突然明白，这次快车并非以90英里的时速疾弛而下，而只不过是以30英里的时速慢慢向前行驶。)
It is reported that …………
3．在某些表示“融合性”的定语从句中：
a.There are many people who want to see the film.
（许多人要看这部电影）
b.There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.
（楼下有人要见你）
4. 倒装句形
a.Not a single word have we written down as yet. （否定）
(我们连一个字都没有写。)
b.Little does he realize the danger he is in （否定）
(他一点都没有意识到危险性。)
IV. 因句子结构转换而造成的词序不一:
Cold drinks will be availableat the Sports Center.
运动中心也提供 冷饮。(状语转译成主语)
V. 注意下面的一些特殊的结构：
中国自从改革开放以来，发生了很大的变化。
有人竟然翻译成：
1.误：Since China’s policy of reform and opening, China has taken place a great many changes.
正：A great many changes have taken place in China since the policy of reform and opening to the outside world.
2.轮子是公元前六世纪发明的。
600 B.C. saw the invention of wheel
英汉互译时的词性转换
I.英语的名词转译成汉语的动词:
英汉两种语言具有不同的辞语结构。在汉语里，一个句子可以有多个动词并排使用，不管有多少动词，都可以按照先后的顺序一个一个地排下去；而英语则是一门静止的语言,在同等条件下,选择用名词的情况居多数，例如：
1. 在名词转译成动词的句子中:
a. My shock and embarrassment at finding Mother in tears on Wednesday was a perfect
index of how little I understood the pressures on her
(我星期三发现妈妈在流眼泪而感到震惊、尴尬，这就表明我对妈妈所承受的压力知道的多么少。)
在这个句子当中,shock, embarrassment, index等等都是英语趋向于用名词而不用动词的最好例子
b. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion and they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.
(他们一想到在公共场穿不时髦的衣服，就感到浑身不自在，而一些商店和设计师 们正是利用了他们的这种弱点。)
c. As a boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the personality that wasEinstein.
(不论是在儿时还是长大以后，我一直都对爱因斯坦的人格感到很好奇。)
d. Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always to into raptures at the mere mention of the country.
（我的大多数朋友都住在城里，然而，他们只要一提起乡村就欣喜若狂。）
e. The availability of information on the INTERNET, for example , widens the possibilities of informal education immensely.
（比如，由于人们能在INTERNET网上可以得到信息，这就大大扩大了获得非正规教育的可能性。）
2.在一些特定结构中, 如: 介词+名词=副词
a.It is wise of him to deal with the delicate problem with care and with calmness.
（他很明智，在处理这一敏感问题时及尽仔细和谨慎。）
b.Einstein watched it in delight, trying to deduce the operating principle.
（爱因斯坦很欣喜地看着它，想推断出其中的 操作原理。）
c.The soldier stared in surprise at the old farmer and the girl.
（那个士兵很震惊地看着那个老农夫和女孩。）
d.The old man looked closely at the row of puddings with great interest
（老人很感兴趣地仔细打量起一排布丁。）
3. 由形容词变成的名词: 这类词通常都是表示一类人,如:
thepoor/ oppressed/ exploited
4.在某些词组中
a.a good case in point
after a while,
as a result,
at any rate,
break (burst ) into tears ,
go into service,
in a sense
in addition
in exchange for,
in other words
in reality,
out of place,
run (fly )into rage
take account of
to certain extent
to his disappointment
to one’s taste
b.To his surprise, Mr. Beck failed to come as expected.
（奇怪的是，贝克先生来晚了。）
c.In all probability, I’m sure that he’ll come.
（我敢肯定，他完全可能来晚。）
d.He has said in all seriousness that their performance is perfect.
（他很正经地说他们的演出很成功。）
e.I saw a man walking across the road with the obvious intention of talking to me.
（我看到一个人穿过大街，明显地想跟我交谈。）
f.Of course , daydreaming is no substitute for hard work..
（当然，白日梦不可能代替艰苦的工作。）
另外，还有一些句子也大量用名词而不用动词，翻译时要特别注意词性的转换，如：
g. That will help lead you to the attainment of your goals.
（那会有助于你达到目标。）
h. But in combination with the more usual methods of self-development, it might make a
critical difference.
（但是，如果与通常的自我发展的方法相结合，他就能产生很大的不同。）
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