南开中学 段胜利

　　先请同学们看看下面两个选择题：

　　1.— Ow! I’ve burnt myself!

　　— How did you do that?

　　— I ________ a hot pot.

　　A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held

　　2. —______the car seat.It's wet.

　　—Thank you for telling me.

　　A.Touch B.Feel C.Hand D.Sense

　　第一段对话：

　　——哎哟，我烫着了！

　　——怎么弄的？

　　——我摸了热壶了。

　　第二段对话：

　　——摸一下车座，是湿的。

　　——谢谢你告诉我。

　　这两段对话中，需要你填的词是中文的“摸”，选项里touch和feel都有“摸”的意思，但在不同的语境中，应当分别选用哪一个呢？怎样正确辨别呢？

　　回答这样的选择题，同学们常出现的错误是“想中文”，可是中文同一个词会对应不同的英文词，这完全取决于搭配结构是什么样。因此，出现不知如何选择和选不准的情况，要学会“放弃中文”，而借助英文释义和例句，揣摩词在不同语境下的用法。

　　不过，大家在翻阅英文释义的时候，也可能会发现有“不靠谱”的情况，就是词之间相互解释。在郎文词典中就有touch做FEEL解，而feel又做TOUCH解的情况，但要留心其解释的具体含义。

　　如touch：[transitive]to put your hand, finger etc on someone or something(把手、手指等放在人和物上)例如：

　　Mrs. Smith bent down to touch her feet to see if her body was still flexible.

　　If your apartment has been burgled, you shouldn't touch anything until the police arrive.

　　Don't touch the exhibits on show.

　　而feel：[transitive] to touch something with your fingers to find out about it(用手指摸东西来看看是什么)例如：

　　Mrs. Brown felt her son’s forehead. Perhaps he had a temperature, she thought.

　　Mum, feel the cloth. Isn't it soft?

　　从上面的释义不难看出，开始的两个题目中touch和feel的区别是，touch是动作动词，强调“碰”，而feel是个过程动词，强调“觉出”。因此，上面两个题目的答案分别是A和B。你同时还可以想象一下，如果将两个词选择颠倒，那会是什么样的情景？

　　下面请你不妨借着刚刚学的这两个词的感觉，试着给下面的两个空做一下选择：

　　1.The passengers watched sympathetically as the woman made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the bus driver and 1 the seat which the driver had told her was empty. Then she settled in.

　　A.felt B.touched C.spotted D.took

　　2.Lang Lang decided that he didn’t want to be a pianist any more after his piano teacher in Beijing told him that he could not make it. For the next two weeks he didn’t 2 the piano.

　　A.felt B.touched C.spotted D.took

　　在高考试卷单项选择和完形填空里，多少都会碰到辨析同义词的题目。辨别时首先要准确掌握词的英文释义和适用范围；其次，在每一个词上要有足够的例句积累，这样才能有很好的知识迁移，敏锐地发现词与词之间的区别。

　　例如，我们在表达“看，看见”，“找，找见”时，就分别有两组词：look at，see和look for，find，我们会将look at和look for归在动作类，而将see和find归在结果类。这样就使词的区别一目了然。

　　(上面两个题的答案分别是A和B。)

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