南开中学 段胜利
请同学们先完成下面5道单项选择题:
1. July 13, 2001 saw China win the bid for the 29th Olympic Games in 2008. The day our Chinese people had looked forward to ______ at last.
A. coming B. come
C. came D. comes
2. I usually work out on weekends. What do you enjoy _______ your days off work.
A. spending B. spent
C. spend D. to spend
3. ——It's thirty years since we last met.
——But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ________ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that
C. what D. when
4. It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so ________.
A. far B. well
C. little D. badly
5. ——Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?
——No, dear. They don’t _______ well. Put them in the fridge instead.
A. keep B. fit
C. get D. last
你的答案是否分别是AAAAD?或者你的大部分答案如此?如果是这样,你就陷入了单选答题思维定势的误区,就要开始做好针对性的训练。
在单选答题切入语义后,要理清词的搭配结构和语句结构,避免惯性思维的干扰。下面,我们就上面的5个题目做一个具体的分析。
第1题语句结构是:
The day our Chinese people had looked forward to(定语从句修饰the day) ______ at last.
因此,应该选择一般过去时came,答案为C。你选择A,是因为把它做look forward to sth/ doing sth,“期望,盼望做某事”来理解了。单词和短语的记忆和运用都离不开语境,不要一看到熟悉的搭配结构就想当然。再如:下面语句中,该用see的什么形式呢?
The audience at the back of the theatre stood up and looked forward to _____ (see) what was happening.
应当是see,“剧院后排的观众站起来倾身往前,看出了什么事。”这里,也同样不能用seeing。
第2题语句结构是:
What(宾语) do you(主语) enjoy(谓语) _______ [状语(目的)]your days off work.
因此,应当选择动词不定式to spend表示目的。在这里,enjoy是“enjoy what to do……”的结构,不是“enjoy doing,doing做宾语”的结构,故答案为D。
第3题语句结构是:
But I still remember the story, believe it or not,(插入语“信不信(由你)”) ________ we got lost on a rainy night.
句中story和后面的从句同在宾语的位置上,从句是同位语从句,说的就是story,因此需要选择that,所以答案是B。之所以,同学们一上来就不假思索地选择了which,是看到了逗号“,”,便习惯地认为是非限定定语从句的关系代词which。
第4题涉及的是词的搭配结构,so far,so well,so little,so badly,但搭配的词语要修饰句中的动词need(需要),因此要使用so badly,表示非常,答案为D。不能使用so far“到目前为止”。再如:
Tom badly wanted to be chosen for the school basketball team.
汤姆非常渴望入选学校篮球队。
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