In their market transactions, those with bulk supplies of funds or demands for them, rely on groups of intermediaries who act as brokers or dealers. The characteristics of these middlemen, the services they perform, and their relationship to other parts of the financial vary widely from country to country. In many countries there is no single meeting place where the middlemen get together, yet in most countries the contacts among all participants are sufficiently open and free to assure each supplier or user of funds that he will get or pay a price that fairly reflects all of the influences (including his own) that are currently affecting the whole supply and the whole demand. In nearly all cases, moreover, the unifying force of competition is reflected at any given moment in a common price (that is, rate of interest) for similar transactions. Continuous fluctuations in the money market rates of interest result from changes in the pressure of available supplies of funds upon the market and in the pull of current demands upon the market.

　　26. The first paragraph is mainly about .

　　A. the definition of money market

　　B. the constitution of a money market

　　C. the basic functions of a money market

　　D. the general feature of a money market

　　27. According to this passage, the money market .

　　A. provides convenient services to its customers

　　B. has close contact with the individuals or firms seeking funds

　　C. maintains accounts with various retailers of financial services

　　D. is made up of institutions who specialize in handling wholesale monetary transactions

　　28. Which of the following statements concerning money market is not true according to this passage?

　　A. Money market does not exist in planned economies.

　　B. Money market has been established in some socialist countries.

　　C. Money market encourages open competition among bulk suppliers of funds.

　　D. Money market relies upon market processes to distribute funds to final users.

　　29. The author uses the example of middleman to show .

　　A. market transactions are important in different countries

　　B. dealers are needed in doing business

　　C. middlemen can play great role in different transactions and different countries.

　　D. middlemen in different countries have different actions in business.

　　30. According to this passage, .

　　A. brokers usually perform the same kinds of services to their customers

　　B. brokers have little contact with each other

　　C. open competition tends to result in a common price for similar transactions at any given moment

　　D. changes in the pressure of available supplies of funds upon market tends to maintain a common price for similar transactions

　　Text 3

　　Environmental issues raise a host of difficult ethical questions, including the ancient one of the nature of intrinsic value. Whereas many philosophers in the past have agreed that human experiences have intrinsic value and the utilitarian

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